Husk

Green Gram Husk

Green Gram Husk were used as potential source for product with higher protein content by utilizing various ingredients present in them and there is a possibility by converting these wastes to proteinaceous feed.

Black Gram Husk 

Black Gram Husk or Urad Husk could be used as complete replacement for wheat bran in concentrate mixture of dairy cows in formulating least cost ration for economic milk production and a good protein rich feed ingredient.

Black Gram Husk or Urad Husk holds a high protein value than most of the legumes. It is also an excellent source of dietary fiber, is flavones, vitamin B complex, iron,copper, calcium, magnesium, zinc, potassium, phosphorus which offers a myriad of healing health benefits

Nutritive value of Black Gram / Urad Husk

• Nutrient: Per 100g
• Energy: 340 kcal
• Dietary fiber: 1 g
• Protein: 23 g
• Magnesium: 173 mg
• Potassium: 1157 mg
• Selenium: 24 mg
• Iron: 4.67 mg
• Calcium: 154 mg
• Phosphorous: 384 mg

*Source: National Institute of Nutrition

White Peas Husk

White Peas Husk compares favourably with other grains and co-products for several nutrients. White Peas Husk are considered a crude protein source. Energy levels are similar to corn for most livestock species with starch (54%) and digestible fibre (hemicellulose fraction 7%) accounting for most of this fraction. Fat is a modest contributor at 1.55%. Amino acids are important to swine and poultry and its amino acids for beef and dairy cattle and sheep. However, rate and extent of ruminal degradation for both starch and protein are important to ruminants.  White Peas Husk complements most other grains and can serve as a pellet binder for manufactured feeds.

Feeding Recommendations for Poultry:

Several different classes of poultry can utilize white peas husk in their diets with proper consideration for meeting nutrient requirements. White peas husk can be a viable energy source, as well as a protein source since the amino acid profile closely matches requirements for many of the poultry species. Low levels of trypsin inhibitors in spring-seeded it allow feeding without roasting. Grinding is the preferred processing method for white peas husk in all poultry diets. For laying hens, white peas husk can be fed at up to 40% of the diet without severely affecting performance, but 10% is a more practical level with equal performance. Broilers and turkeys can consume 20 to 30%  white peas husk without affecting performance. Commercial xylanases and betaglucanases added to poultry diets increased protein digestibility in diets with high percentages of white peas husk. Due to the shorter digestive tract and rapid passage rate, energy derived from white peas husk by poultry is similar to barley.

Feeding Recommendations for Dairy Cattle:

 The versatility of white peas husk is evident as peas have been used successfully in pre-ruminant baby calf diets as well as lactating cow diets. In starter diets, it can be included at up to 40 to 50% of the concentrate replacing portions of corn, barley, and/or soybean meal. White peas husk can be used as the sole protein source for growing heifers. Young cows are also more susceptible than second lactation and older cows to lack of escape protein in the diet. White peas husk replaced soybean meal as a protein source without affecting feed intake, milk yield, or 4% fat corrected milk and it can be used at up to 25% of the concentrate. It effectively improved ruminal pH when substituted for barley in lactating cow diets. Small particle size allows maximum digestion during the relatively rapid passage rate of digesta through the gastrointestinal tract.

Feeding Recommendations for Sheep & Goat:

Experienced shepherds esteem white peas husk for Fattening Sheep - supported by recent research using field pea in growing and finishing lamb diets. White peas husk appears to have a net energy value at least equal to corn and in one trial 14% greater than corn. White peas husk was successfully included at up to 45% of the feedlot diet, replacing a portion of the corn and all of the soybean meal. It appears to be an excellent source of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for growing and finishing lambs. Least cost rations should be balanced based on relative feed costs and expected performance. 

Feeding Recommendations for Swine:

The nutrient density and low fibre levels in white peas husk makes it an attractive feed for swine diets. Balancing these diets requires appropriate complementary feeds or supplements. Starter diets can contain up to 15% white peas husk, and a maximum recommended level to 20%. Early weaned pigs should weigh at least 20 pounds and be 20 days old before introducing it. For growing finishing pigs, substantial evidence exists that it can replace all of the soybean meal and a portion of the basal grain in wheat , barley, and/or hullless-oat grain based diets.. Growing diets for swine may contain up to 40% white peas husk. Recommendations from finishing research indicate pigs perform well on diets that contain from 10 to 43% white peas husk. Addition of the enzymes phytase (phosphorous metabolism) and xylanase (fibre digestion) further increased performance of growing pigs fed with white peas husk. In lactating sow diets, it can replace up to 30% of soybean meal without affecting performance. White peas husk should be ground or pelleted with other feeds when included in swine diets. It must compete economically with other feeds as an energy and protein source and can be used without affecting animal performance.

Masoor Husk

It has high nutritional value as it is a rich source of protein, fiber and minerals and has low-fat content. Due to the presence of dietary fiber, protein and antioxidants, its used in most part for the betterment of healthy pregnant animals and in raising healthy small animals.

Peas Husk

Pea Husk compares favourably with other grains and co-products for several nutrients. Peas Husk are considered a crude protein source. Energy levels are similar to corn for most livestock species with starch (54%) and digestible fibre (hemicellulose fraction 7%) accounting for most of this fraction. Fat is a modest contributor at 1.55%. Amino acids are important to swine and poultry and its amino acids for beef and dairy cattle and sheep. However, rate and extent of ruminal degradation for both starch and protein are important to ruminants. Peas Husk complements most other grains and can serve as a pellet binder for manufactured feeds.

Feeding Recommendations for Poultry:

Several different classes of poultry can utilize peas husk in their diets with proper consideration for meeting nutrient requirements. Peas husk can be a viable energy source, as well as a protein source since the amino acid profile closely matches requirements for many of the poultry species. Low levels of trypsin inhibitors in spring-seeded it allow feeding without roasting. Grinding is the preferred processing method for peas bran in all poultry diets. For laying hens, peas husk can be fed at up to 40% of the diet without severely affecting performance, but 10% is a more practical level with equal performance. Broilers and turkeys can consume 20 to 30% peas bran without affecting performance. Commercial xylanases and betaglucanases added to poultry diets increased protein digestibility in diets with high percentages of peas bran. Due to the shorter digestive tract and rapid passage rate, energy derived from peas bran by poultry is similar to barley.

Feeding Recommendations for Dairy Cattle:

 The versatility of peas bran is evident as peas have been used successfully in pre-ruminant baby calf diets as well as lactating cow diets. In starter diets, it can be included at up to 40 to 50% of the concentrate replacing portions of corn, barley, and/or soybean meal. Peas husk can be used as the sole protein source for growing heifers. Young cows are also more susceptible than second lactation and older cows to lack of escape protein in the diet. Peas Husk replaced soybean meal as a protein source without affecting feed intake, milk yield, or 4% fat corrected milk and it can be used at up to 25% of the concentrate. It effectively improved ruminal pH when substituted for barley in lactating cow diets. Small particle size allows maximum digestion during the relatively rapid passage rate of digesta through the gastrointestinal tract.

Feeding Recommendations for Sheep & Goat:

Experienced shepherds esteem peas husk for Fattening Sheep - supported by recent research using field pea in growing and finishing lamb diets. Peas husk appears to have a net energy value at least equal to corn and in one trial 14% greater than corn.  Peas husk was successfully included at up to 45% of the feedlot diet, replacing a portion of the corn and all of the soybean meal. It appears to be an excellent source of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for growing and finishing lambs. Least cost rations should be balanced based on relative feed costs and expected performance. 

Feeding Recommendations for Swine:

The nutrient density and low fibre levels in peas husk makes it an attractive feed for swine diets. Balancing these diets requires appropriate complementary feeds or supplements. Starter diets can contain up to 15% peas husk, and a maximum recommended level to 20%. Early weaned pigs should weigh at least 20 pounds and be 20 days old before introducing it. For growing finishing pigs, substantial evidence exists that it can replace all of the soybean meal and a portion of the basal grain in wheat , barley, and/or hullless-oat grain based diets.. Growing diets for swine may contain up to 40% peas bran. Recommendations from finishing research indicate pigs perform well on diets that contain from 10 to 43%  peas husk. Addition of the enzymes phytase (phosphorous metabolism) and xylanase (fibre digestion) further increased performance of growing pigs fed with peas husk. In lactating sow diets, it can replace up to 30% of soybean meal without affecting performance. Peas husk should be ground or pelleted with other feeds when included in swine diets. It must compete economically with other feeds as an energy and protein source and can be used without affecting animal performance.